基本释义
外刊音频音频:00:0000:14
But kids were not as lucky on the Lusitania, which three years later sank just 18 minutes after being hit by a German torpedo. In this situation it truly was survival of the fittest, with healthy young males being the most likely to live to tell the tale.
不过卢西塔尼亚号上的孩子们就没那么幸运了,那艘船在三年后被德国的一颗鱼雷击中,仅18分钟就沉没了。在那种情况下真的就是物竞天择,最有可能能活下来的就是青壮年。《科学美国人》
追根溯源
单词torpedo来源于拉丁语,原义指numbness(麻木),本来是一种鱼的名字,中文叫“电鳐”。它虽然活动缓慢,但会放电,只要被它触及,猎物或者猎食者通常会发麻,甚至被击倒,所以古罗马人以torpedo称之。
19世纪初,美国人富尔顿发明了一种可以从军舰上释放、能在水中前进的地雷,但一直找不到合适的名字,只得暂称它为“水地雷”。后来英国人在“水地雷”的基础上制造出了真正意义上的鱼雷,并用电鳐的名字torpedo来命名这种新式武器。该命名十分贴切,一直沿用至今。
单词torpedo也可以作为动词使用,表示“(用鱼雷)击中、彻底破坏”,例如:Submarines torpedoed many ships during World War II.二战中潜艇用鱼雷击中了许多船只。These attacks are seen as an effort to torpedo the peace talks.人们认为这些袭击是为了故意破坏和谈。
真题例句
Steel's fragility at low temperatures first became a major concern during the Second World War. After German U-boats torpedoed numerous British ships, a 2700-strong fleet of cheap-and-cheerful "Liberty ships" was introduced to replace the lost vessels, providing a lifeline for the 29 British. But the steel shells of hundreds of the ships 30 in the icy north Atlantic, and 12 broke in half and sank.在第二次世界大战期间,钢铁在低温下的脆弱性首次成为人们关注的焦点。在德国U型艇用鱼雷击沉了大量英国船只后,一支由2700人组成的廉价而欢快的“自由舰”舰队被引进来取代损失的船只,同时为29名英国人提供了救生索。但数百艘船的钢壳有30艘冰冷在北大西洋,12艘断成两半沉没了。《2019年6月六级真题(第3套)》